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Light pollution from led lighting systems and ways of reducing its environmental consequences

Light pollution from led lighting systems and ways of reducing its environmental consequences

ISSN 2223-6775 Український журнал з проблем медицини праці Том.20, №2, 2024


https://doi.org/10.33573/ujoh2024.02.138

Light pollution from led lighting systems and ways of reducing its environmental consequences

Sakhno T.V.1 , Kozhushko G.M.2, Nazarenko V.I.3
1Poltava State Agrarian University, Poltava
2National University "Poltava Polytechnic named after Yurii Kondratyuk", Poltava
3SI «Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of the NAMS of Ukraine», Kyiv


 Full article (PDF): ENG

Introduction. Light pollution (LP) is recognized as a global environmental problem. The need of reducing the level of LP is emphasized not only for the external environment, but also for residential premises.

The aim of the study is to analyze the literature data and normative-methodological acts regarding LP, its negative impact on the environment and human health, prevention measures of justification of measures to reduce the levels of light pollution from outdoor lighting systems, and development of recommendations for their further improvement.

Research methods and materials. An analytical review of scientific publications over the past 20 years was performed using the databases EuroPub (Great Britain), Science Direct - Scopus - Web of Science - Core - Google Scholar "Google Academies", Hinari Access to Research for Health, National Library of Medicine, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Library of Ukraine named after V. I. Vernadskyi, as well as scientific publications taken from open sources.

Results of the research and their discussion. Light pollution is a broad concept that refers to all problems caused by unnecessary, excessive or ineffective use of artificial light. With regard to the impact on people, light pollution is proposed to be considered as the presence of an excessive amount of light (over-illumination), which exceeds the regulatory documents for a given territory, room, time of day and lighting regime. In addition to the "glow" of the sky (sky glows), which is caused by the light scattered in the lower layers of the atmosphere from outdoor lighting systems, buildings, illuminated advertising, vehicles, etc., the following forms of light pollution are qualified: glare caused by excessive brightness of light; penetration of light (light trespass) beyond the necessary limits and negatively affects the living environment of people; "clutter" caused by powerful light sources that create excessive lighting. Light pollution is also widespread indoors, which increases the risks to people's health. The most negative consequence of artificial lighting at night for a person is the violation of biological rhythms due to the inhibition of nighttime melatonin secretion. Measures to mitigate the negative impact of light pollution in connection with the transition to LED lighting were considered taking into account the characteristics of the parameters of light-emitting diode (LED) light sources. To reduce the level of light pollution, the concept and principles proposed by the International Dark Sky Association (IDA) are taken as a basis. A list of measures to reduce the level of light pollution carried out in Ukraine is recommended.

Conclusions. Based on the analysis, conclusions were drawn regarding the need for further research on reducing the level of light pollution and its impact on the environment and human health, improving regulatory documents on LED lighting systems and implementing outdoor lighting projects according to the principles recommended by IDA.

Ключові слова: light pollution, LED sources of light, circadian rhythms, spectrum of light, brightness, lighting, photo-biological danger of light.

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